پاورپوینت کامل RESEARCH ON HERBAL DRUGS FOR POULTRY & LIVESTOCK 91 اسلاید در PowerPoint

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پاورپوینت کامل RESEARCH ON HERBAL DRUGS FOR POULTRY & LIVESTOCK 91 اسلاید در PowerPoint

اسلاید ۴: Two researches on local herbal plants conductedCOLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE Herbal drugs for Haemophilus paragallinarum infection Herbal drugs for Haemonchus contortus infection

اسلاید ۵: OBJECTIVES OF TWO RESEARCHESCOLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE

اسلاید ۶: COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE Screen the inhibitory activity of local plants used by local farmers against infectious coryza/haemonchusis Find out the local practices adopted by farmers in using plants for infectious coryza/haemonchusis Determine the LD50 and ED50 of plant drugs Determine the shelf-life of plant drugs Find out the quality of binders of tablet forms of the plant drugs for infectious coryza

اسلاید ۷: COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE MATERIALS AND METHODS

اسلاید ۸: COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINESteps: Consultation with farmers Identification of local plants Diagnosis of diseases Culture of causative agents of diseases In vitro assay of local plants for their bactericidal/larvicidal actions Pharmacologic studies of herbal drugs Quality control study of herbal drugs

اسلاید ۹: Farmer ConsultationsCOLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE Interview with local farmers on: Clinical signs of a particular disease in poultry/livestock Local plants for treatment of a particular disease in poultry/livestock Identification of local plants used by farmers Preparation & dosage level of a particular herb

اسلاید ۱۰: COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINEDiagnosis of diseases based on clinical signs Isolation of Haemonchus contortus Blood agar/nutrient broth culture Isolation of Haemophilus paragallinarum in pure culture Gram staining & Biochemical tests Culture of eggs & infection of goats Infection and isolation of H. paragallinarum

اسلاید ۱۱: COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINECulture of Infective Stage for In Vitro Assay Blood agar Stock of pure culture of H. paragallinarum Supply of eggs for culture of H. contortus Infection of goats with L3s for supply of eggs

اسلاید ۱۲: Identification of Infected Goatsby fecalysisCollection of Fecal SampleFecalysis (Floatation Technique)Infected GoatsIdentifiedCulture Feces for L3sof H. contortus Retrieval & Identification of L3sL3s of H. contortus3 Goats InfectedWith L3s**Source of eggs for culture of L3s Collect fecesCOLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINEisolation of eggs of H. contortus

اسلاید ۱۳: COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE

اسلاید ۱۴: Culture of Haemonchus larvaeMoistened cotton wads placed at the bottom of shot glassFeces from infected goats macerated and placed on top of cotton wadsSides of shot glass filled with tap waterCOLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE

اسلاید ۱۵: Culture of Haemonchus larvaeCOLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINEShot glass in Culture glass, filled with water up to the brim of shot glassCulture glass covered with wrappings andincubated at room temperature for 6 days

اسلاید ۱۶: Recovery of Infected Larvae (L3) of H. ContortusRemoval of wrappings of shot glassWater in the culture glass transferred into petri plateInfective Larvae (L3s) recovered in Petri plate identifiedCOLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE

اسلاید ۱۷: COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE

اسلاید ۱۸: COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE Preparation of Plant Extracts: Decoction using 1:2 (w/v) Dried plant parts were boiled for 15 minutes Crude extracts were filtered Filtrate was concentrated in a rotavapor (40oC) until volume was reduced to 1/3 of its original volume Concentrated plant extract was placed in the oven (60oC) overnight Plant residues were collected & kept in the fridge for 1 wk.

اسلاید ۱۹: COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE IN VITRO ASSAYS OF LOCAL PLANT EXTRACTS

اسلاید ۲۰: COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINETechniques Used in In Vitro Assay Sensitivity test of Carter for Haemophilus gallinarum Larvicidal test for Haemophilus gallinarum

اسلاید ۲۱: RESULTS COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE

اسلاید ۲۲: COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINEPlants and Parts used by local farmers for the treatment against H. paragallinarum infection in chicken (Fernandez, 1990)Scientific NamesCommon NamesLocal NamesPlant PartsAnanas squamosaSweet SopAtisLeavesCapsicum frutescensWild PepperSiling labuyoFruitsChrysanthemum indicumMansaninyaHilbasLeavesCitrus grandisPomeloBuongonRindsColeus aromaticusOreganoKaraboLeavesColeus blumei-Mayana (red)LeavesHelianthus annuus*SunflowerSunflowerSeedsHeliotropium indicumElephant GrassTrompa ElefanteLeavesSpondias pinnata-LibasLeavesSolanum spp.-Terramycin PlantFruitsZingiber officinaleGingerLuyaRoot*Fruits given raw to sick birds

اسلاید ۲۳: COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINEIn vitro assay of plant extracts* vs H. paragallinarum **Sensi discs, BBL Microbiological systemsTreatment No.Plant ExtractsZone of Inhibition (cm)Zone of Inhibition (cm)Treatment No.Plant ExtractsAfter 1 hAfter 24 hT0(-)Distilled WaterNZNZTO(+)Streptomycin disc**35T1Anona squamosa1NZT2Capsicum frutescensNZNZT3Chrysanthemum indicumNZNZT4Citrus grandis1.5NZT5Coleus aromaticusNZNZT6Coleus blumeiNZNZT7Helianthus annuusNZNZT8Heliotropium indicum36T9Spondias pinnata23T10Solanum spp.NZNZT11Zingiber officinale1NZ*1:2 (w/v) 1 part plant part: 2 parts distilled water by decoction, amount in each wellwas 0.05ml

اسلاید ۲۴: COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINEIn vivo assay of plant extracts* against H. paragallinarum infection in chicken (Lohman)*1:2 (w/v) 1 part plant part: 2 parts distilled water by decoction, amount given to each bird was 5ml, given per osTreatment No. PlantsNo. of Birds ExaminedWater Eye & Nasal DischargeFacial SwellingMucus in Upper Respiratory TractCongested LungsTO Untreated Control44444T1Anona squamosa64330T2Capsicum frutescens63663T3Chrysanthemum indicum64552T4Citrus grandis63330T5Coleus aromaticus54440T6Coleus blumei62221T7Helianthus annuus52221T8Heliotropium indicum50000T9Spondias pinnata63330T10Solanum spp.63440T11Zingiber officinale51220

اسلاید ۲۵: COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE

اسلاید ۲۶: COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINEChicken Showing Clinical Signs of Haemophilus paragallinarum Infection

اسلاید ۲۷: COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINEChicken Showing Clinical Signs of Haemophilus paragallinarum Infection

اسلاید ۲۸: COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINEPercent efficacy* of plant water extract by decoction according to animalspecies against Haemonchus contortus (Fernandez, 1991)PlantsChicken (% Efficacy)Swine (% Efficacy)Goat (% Efficacy)Ananas comosus (fruit)63.359.152.3Ananas comosus (leaves)NI54..756.7Mangifera indica60.058.256.7Manihot esculenta53.452.050.8Tamarindus indica59.458.455.6Moringa oleifera69.064.761.5Artemisia vulgaris57.656.353.3Mimosa pudicaNINI79.7**Chrysophyllum cainitoNINI70.3**Tinospora rumphiiNINI85.6***NI = not used as anthelmintic by local farmers in a particular animal species*Based on formula of Reik and Keitz (1954)

اسلاید ۲۹: COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINEGroupNo.*Scientific Names (LocalNames)Plant PartsPreparationsDosagesDosagesDosagesAdministrationGroupNo.*Scientific Names (LocalNames)Plant PartsPreparationsChickenSwineGoatAdministrationTOControl**——T1Ananas comosus (pina)Unripe fruitpounding15 g30 g40gMixed w/ feedT2Artemisia vulgaris (hilbas)leavesdecoction15 m