پاورپوینت کامل Ancient India 38 اسلاید در PowerPoint

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پاورپوینت کامل Ancient India 38 اسلاید در PowerPoint

اسلاید ۴:

اسلاید ۵: India never invaded any country in her last 10,000 years of history.

اسلاید ۶: Astrology and astronomyAstrology and astronomy were archaically one and the same discipline (Latin: astrologia), and were only gradually recognized as separate in Western 17th century philosophy(the Age of Reason).Since the 18th century they have come to be regarded as completely separate disciplines

اسلاید ۷: Astronomy: the study of objects and phenomena originating beyond the Earths atmosphere, is a science and is a widely-studied academic discipline.Astrology: which uses the apparent positions of celestial objects as the basis for psychology, prediction of future events, and other esoteric knowledge, is not a science and is typically defined as a form of divination.

اسلاید ۸: Indias Contribution to – ASTRONOMY

اسلاید ۹: In India I found a race of mortals living upon the Earth. but not adhering to it. Inhabiting cities, but not being fixed to them, possessing everything but possessed by nothing. – Apollonius Tyanaeus Greek Thinker and Traveller 1st Century AD

اسلاید ۱۰: In India the first references to astronomy are to be found in the Rig Veda which is dated around 2000 B.CThe Calculation of Eclipses And The Earths CircumferenceThe Heliocentric Theory of Gravitation

اسلاید ۱۱:

اسلاید ۱۲: This fascmile is from the Pancha-siddhantika (Five Principles) dated around the 5th century. This text graphically shows how eclipses are to be calculated. Thus this text foreshadows what Westeren Astronomers propounded nearly one thousand years later

اسلاید ۱۳: Astronomers

اسلاید ۱۴: LagadhaThe earliest astronomical text—named Vednga Jyotia—dates back to around 1200 BCE, and details several astronomical attributes generally applied for timing social and religious events. The Vednga Jyotia also details astronomical calculations, calendrical studies, and establishes rules for empirical observation.Since the texts written by 1200 BCE were largely religious compositions the Vednga Jyotia has connections with Indian astrology and details several important aspects of the time and seasons, including lunar months, solar months, and their adjustment by a lunar leap month of Adhimsa. Ritus and Yugas are also described. Tripathi (2008) holds that Twenty-seven constellations, eclipses, seven planets, and twelve signs of the zodiac were also known at that time.(2nd–۱st millennium BCE)

اسلاید ۱۵: Map of northern India in the late Vedic period

اسلاید ۱۶: AryabhataStatue of Aryabhata on the grounds of IUCAA, Pune. Statue of Aryabhata on the grounds of IUCAA, Pune. Born476Died550EraGupta eraRegionIndiaMain interestsmath, astronomyMajor worksryabhaya, Arya-siddhanta

اسلاید ۱۷: Aryabhata was the author of the ryabhatya and the Aryabhatasiddhanta, which, according to Hayashi (2008): circulated mainly in the northwest of India and, through the Ssnian dynasty (224–۶۵۱) of Iran, had a profound influence on the development of Islamic astronomy. Its contents are preserved to some extent in the works of Varahamihira (flourished c. 550), Bhaskara I (flourished c. 629), Brahmagupta (598–c. 665), and others. It is one of the earliest astronomical works to assign the start of each day to midnight.

اسلاید ۱۸: Aryabhata explicitly mentioned that the earth rotates about its axis, thereby causing what appears to be an apparent westward motion of the stars. Aryabhata also mentioned that reflected sunlight is the cause behind the shining of the moon. Ayrabhatas followers were part