پاورپوینت کامل Ideas That Changed the World: The Great Schools 600 BCE–۱۰۰ CE 30 اسلاید در PowerPoint

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پاورپوینت کامل Ideas That Changed the World: The Great Schools 600 BCE–۱۰۰ CE 30 اسلاید در PowerPoint

اسلاید ۴:

اسلاید ۵: What factors contributed to the development of the Axial AgePolitical fragmentation: China, Greece, IndiaNeed for new ideasEconomic basis: patronage, leisure, educationQuestioning of traditionMain areas of development: China, India, Greece, Southwest AsiaSurvival of existing written records in these areas Population growth, intensive economic development

اسلاید ۶: Axial Age Regional Developments

اسلاید ۷: Greece / Early PhilosophyDevelopment of rationalismAtomists: DemocritusPostulation of atoms, void, perishable nature of material worldParmenides: Everything is oneSocrates: “unexamined life isn’t worth living”Plato: belief in moral absolutesAristotle: categorization of everythingBreaking arguments down into syllogisms, equationsHippocrates: understanding of disease via observation, diagnosisFoundation of schools of thoughtSophists: emphasis on rhetoric, circular reasoningStoicism, Skepticsm

اسلاید ۸: Greek thought spread widely across the Mediterranean region. Romans were deeply influenced by the philosophy of classical Greece. The Acropolis of Athens is recognizable in the background of this mosaic, preserved in the ruins of Pompeii, south of Naples in Italy. The columns and gardens recall what the setting of Plato’s Academy at Athens was really like.Academy of Athens

اسلاید ۹: Temple of Artemis. In Heraclitus’s day, the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus, in what is today Turkey, served as a repository of books which citizens could consult.. The facade—the only surviving part of the library—is modeled not on a temple but on a Greek theater, where knowledge, wisdom, intellect, and virtue played like characters in a drama.

اسلاید ۱۰: DelphiAround Mount Parnassus, north of Athens, Greeks had many shrines consecrated to Earth and Nature. One of the most important was the site of the Oracle at Delphi, where priestesses uttered prophecies. Nearby, the circular sanctum known as the Tholos was built in the fourth century B.C.E., at or near the place where the Greeks’ predecessors had located the navel of the Mother-Goddess or, as we might now say, the center of the Earth.

اسلاید ۱۱: Erectheion, Athens: on the north side of Acropolis. Site of important religious rituals, and some of Athens most ancient sacred relics.

اسلاید ۱۲: Greek Philosophical Schools

اسلاید ۱۳: New Religious MovementsZoroastrianism: begins, spreads through Persian EmpireDualism: Good/Evil dichotomy, Ahura Mazda vs. AhrimanJudaism to ChristianityYahweh as basis for development of MonotheismRules for life: “the Law” / CovenantJesus, the Messiah and the importance of divine loveChristianity spreads through the Roman EmpireAggressive conversion efforts

اسلاید ۱۴: Though persecuted almost to extinction in Iran, the land of its birth, Zoroastrianism survives among exiled communities, especially in India, the U.S., and Western Europe. Here Zoroastrian priests in London mark