پاورپوینت کامل Connections and Bracing Configurations 39 اسلاید در PowerPoint

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پاورپوینت کامل Connections and Bracing Configurations 39 اسلاید در PowerPoint

اسلاید ۴: ۴Benefits of Structural SteelSome benefits associated with use of structural steel for owners are:Steel allows for reduced frame construction time and the ability to construct in all seasonsSteel makes large spans and bay sizes possible, providing more flexibility for ownersSteel is easier to modify and reinforce if architectural changes are made to a facility over its lifeSteel is lightweight and can reduce foundation costsSteel is durable, long-lasting and recyclable (AISC 1999)

اسلاید ۵: ۵Unique Aspects of Steel ConstructionProcurement and management of structural steel is similar to other materials, but there are some unique aspects to steel construction:Steel is fabricated off-site (above left)On-site erection is a rapid process (above right)This gives use of structural steel some scheduling advantagesCoordination of all parties is essential for achieving potential advantages(AISC 1999)

اسلاید ۶: ۶Forces On StructuresForces from gravity, wind, and seismic events are imposed on all structuresForces that act vertically are gravity loadsForces that act horizontally, such as stability, wind and seismic events (the focus of this discussion) require lateral load resisting systems to be built into structures As lateral loads are applied to a structure, horizontal diaphragms (floors and roofs) transfer the load to the lateral load resisting system(AISC 2002)Structural Steel Frame Elevation

اسلاید ۷: ۷Initial System PlanningThe type of lateral load resisting system to be used in a structure should be considered early in the planning stageLateral stability as well as architectural needs must be metThe three common lateral load resisting systems are:Braced FramesRigid FramesShear Walls(Adapted from AISC 2002)2113Shear WallRigid FrameChevron BracedX BracedRigid Horiz. Diaphragm (Floor or Roof)

اسلاید ۸: ۸Braced Frames and Rigid FramesThis presentation focuses on braced frames (left) and rigid frames (right)

اسلاید ۹: ۹Steel Frame Connection TypesThe Specification for Structural Steel Buildings (AISC 2005) defines two types of connections:Simple Connections (above left)Moment Connections (above right)Fully-Restrained and Partially-Restrained

اسلاید ۱۰: ۱۰All connections have a certain amount of rigiditySimple connections (A above) have some rigidity, but are assumed to be free to rotatePartially-Restrained moment connections (B and C above) are designed to be semi-rigidFully-Restrained moment connections (D and E above) are designed to be fully rigidSteel Frame Connection Types(AISC)

اسلاید ۱۱: ۱۱Simple ConnectionsDesigned as flexible connectionsConnections are assumed to be free to rotateVertical shear forces are the primary forces transferred by the connectionRequire a separate bracing system for lateral stabilityThe following few slides show some common simple framing connections

اسلاید ۱۲: ۱۲ Common Simple ConnectionsSingle Plate Connection (Shear Tab)A plate is welded to the supporting member and bolted to the web of the supported beamDouble Angle ConnectionThe in-plane pair of legs are attached to the web of the supported beam and the out-of-plane pair of legs to the flange or web of the supporting member(Green, Sputo, and Veltri)

اسلاید ۱۳: ۱۳ Common Simple ConnectionsShear End Plate ConnectionA plate is welded perpendicular to the end of the supported web and attached to the supporting memberSingle Angle ConnectionOne leg is attached to the web of the supported beam and the other leg to the flange or web of the supporting member(Green, Sputo, and Veltri)

اسلاید ۱۴: ۱۴ Common Simple ConnectionsSeated ConnectionAn angle is mounted with one leg vertical against the supporting column, and the other leg provides a “seat” upon which the beam is mounted A stabilizer connection is also provided at the top of the webTee ConnectionThe