پاورپوینت کامل Information Technologies: Concepts and Management 42 اسلاید در PowerPoint

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پاورپوینت کامل Information Technologies: Concepts and Management 42 اسلاید در PowerPoint

اسلاید ۴: ۴Case: Building an e-Business at Fed ExProblem:FedEx has kept looking ahead at every stage for opportunities to meet customers’ needs for fast, reliable, and affordable overnight deliveries. Solution:In addition to e-Shipping Tools, FedEx is now providing integrated solutions to address the selling & supply chain needs of its customers. Results:FedEx’s e-business model facilitates better communication and collaboration between the various parties along the supply chains. It promotes efficiency gains by reducing costs & speeding up the order cycle. It transforms organizations into high performance e-businesses.

اسلاید ۵: ۵Characteristics of Information SystemsSeveral different information systems can exist in one organization. A particular information system may be composed of several separate information systems. Information systems are connected by means of electronic networks.Interorganizational information systems involve information flow in two or more organizations.An enterprisewide system or interorganizational information system is composed of large & small computers & hardware connected by different types of networks.

اسلاید ۶: ۶Data, Information & KnowledgeOne of the primary goals of Information Systems is to economically process data into information or knowledge. Data items refer to an elementary description of things, events, activities, and transactions that are recorded, classified, and stored, but not organized to convey any specific meaning. Information is data that have been organized so that they have meaning and value to the recipient. Knowledge consists of data or information that have been organized and processed to convey understanding, experience, accumulated learning, and expertise.

اسلاید ۷: ۷Classifications of Information SystemsInformation Systems can be classified according to; Organizational Structure Functional Area Support Provided System ArchitectureActivity Supported

اسلاید ۸: ۸Classification by Organizational StructureDepartmental information systems. Frequently, an organization uses several application programs in one functional area or department. Enterprise information systems (EIS). While a departmental IS is usually related to a functional area, the collection of all departmental applications when combined with other functions’ applications comprises the enterprisewide information system. Interorganizational systems. Some information systems connect several organizations.

اسلاید ۹: ۹Classification by Functional AreaThe major functional information systems are the following:The accounting information systemThe finance information systemThe manufacturing (operations/production) information systemThe marketing information systemThe human resources management information system

اسلاید ۱۰: ۱۰Classification by Support ProvidedThe major types of systems under this classification are:Transaction processing system (TPS)Management information system (MIS)Knowledge management system (KMS) Office automation system (OAS)Decision support system (DSS)Enterprise information system (EIS)Group support system (GSS)Intelligent support system

اسلاید ۱۱: ۱۱Evolution of Support SystemsEarly 1950s 1960s Late 1960s Early 1970s Transaction processing system (TPS)Management information systems (MISs)Office automation system (OAS) Decision support system (DSS)

اسلاید ۱۲: ۱۲Evolution of Support Systems (cont.)Early 1980s Executive information systems Enterprise information systems (EISs)Group support systems (GSSs) Mid- 1980s Expert systems (ES) Knowledge management systems (KMS) 1990s Artificial neural networks (ANNs)

اسلاید ۱۳: ۱۳Case: Detecting Bombs with ANNProblem: The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) use statistical analysis and expert systems to prevent terrorists from sneaking bombs aboard airplanes. Yet, these technologies cannot detect all types of explosives. Solution: Since 1993, artificial neural networks (ANN) have been added to improve detection effectiveness. The ANN is exposed to a set of historical cases and is then able to predict the existence of explosives in new cases. Results: The FAA hopes to detect explosives more successfully and also minimize false alarms.

اسلاید ۱۴: ۱۴Interrelated Support Systems

اسلاید ۱۵: ۱۵Classification by System ArchitectureInformation systems can be classified according to three types of architecture:A mainframe-based system.A standalone personal computer (PC).A distributed or a networked computing system (several variations exist).

اسلاید ۱۶: ۱۶Transaction ProcessingTransaction processing systems (TPS) support the monitoring, collection, storage, processing, and dissemination of the organization’s basic business transactions. They provide the input data for many applications involving other support systems. The transaction processing systems are considered critical to the success of any organization.The TPS collects data continuously, frequently on a daily basis, or even in “real time”.

اسلاید ۱۷: ۱۷Functional MISsFunctional Managemen