پاورپوینت کامل Health Risk Assessment 112 اسلاید در PowerPoint

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پاورپوینت کامل Health Risk Assessment 112 اسلاید در PowerPoint

اسلاید ۴: Selection of teamThe selection and expertise of the پاورپوینت کامل Health Risk Assessment 112 اسلاید در PowerPoint Team will be dictated by:Size and complexity of the Assessment Unit or activity being assessed e.g. Platform, Gas PlantNature and severity of of the hazards and risks involvedFamiliarity of the activities

اسلاید ۵: Selection of teamTeam Leader / Asset owner–Line manager such as OIM, plant manager or representative of facility being assessedTeam Member – Individuals such as operational staff, line supervisor familiar with plant operation and processLocal Advisor – Individuals such as medic/OH nurse, HSE advisor, who can advise on the HRA process and exposure controlsSpecialist Staff – Occupational hygienist, OH physician, toxicologist, ergonomist

اسلاید ۶: Selection of teamTo gather necessary information team members must be able to:Observe the activity being performed Predict any potential departure from observed practiceAsk supervisors, staff etc. the relevant questionsUndertake simple diagnostic testsIdentify and review relevant technical literatureGather the information systematicallyForm valid, justifiable conclusions about exposures and risks

اسلاید ۷: Selection of teamTo gather necessary information team members must be able to:Follow up fundamental questions about any exposures to occur.Appreciate the range and limitations of possible control measures and their relative reliabilityLook critically at existing arrangementsSpecify the type of control measures neededAsk for specialist assistance if required

اسلاید ۸: Selection of TeamThe required level of skill and level of competency for the team:Team LeaderAwareness – Working knowledgeTeam MemberWorking knowledge – SkilledLocal AdvisorSkilledSpecialistMastery

اسلاید ۹: Competent Persons ‘ .. a man who has the knowledge to know what he is looking for and the experience to recognise it when he sees it …’ Competence is a function of: Knowledge Skill Experience

اسلاید ۱۰: Gathering Information How to select Assessment Units Identify Health Hazards Identify harmful effects Assign Hazard Rating (RAM Consequence)

اسلاید ۱۱: How to select Assessment UnitsThe assessment unit is what is within the boundaries of the HRAAssessment units should be self-contained, either physically or as a processIt should cover all aspects of the working environmentThe nature and the severity of the hazards and risks involved, the familiarity of the task, available resources and country-specific requirements should be taken into account

اسلاید ۱۲: Organisation and PreparationDo not forget to: Set a realistic time frame to actually carry out an HRAConduct an HRA according to a mutually agreed programUse standardized HRA formatsProvide sufficient time for report writing, sharing comments and feedbackKeep ownership of HRA with the Business Unit

اسلاید ۱۳: Organisation and PreparationCollect pre reading material and references such as: Plans and drawings for plant specificationsIncident / injury reports (incl. occupational illnesses) and incident investigationsPlant and equipment fault reports Maintenance records for control measuresRecords of health surveillance and sickness absenceOccupational hygiene surveys, health and safety surveys Minutes of health and safety committee meetings

اسلاید ۱۴: Additional sources of informationCollect pre reading material and references such as: Relevant Shell HSE publicationsBusiness Health Hazard InventoriesCompany standardsNational legal standardsLocal health regulations(Inter)national guidelines and standards (WHO, ISO)Industry standards, manufacturers/suppliers data

اسلاید ۱۵: What are Health HazardsA Health Hazard has the potential to cause harm to healthHealth hazards may be divided into the following groups: chemical biological physical ergonomic psychological

اسلاید ۱۶: Health hazards of primary concern Cause fatalities in the short or long term e.g. infectious diseases (short term), carcinogenic substances (long term) Expose the company to substantial future social and monetary liabilities e.g. noise induced hearing loss, repetitive strain injury, psychological stress Cause minor health effects which could cause severe business disruption e.g. major food poisoning outbreak

اسلاید ۱۷: How to identify Health HazardsWalk through surveys Looking, smelling, talking, listening; use your senses!Refer to Health Hazard InventoriesUse HRA Yellow Guide, appendix 2Look at Recordsincident/fault reports, inspections, maintenance, sickness absence, hygiene surveys, operating proceduresUse experience from elsewhere

اسلاید ۱۸: Practical Exercise Identify Health HazardsChemicalPhysicalBiologicalErgonomicPsychological

اسلاید ۱۹: Identify Harmful EffectsThe harmful effects potentially caused by a hazard need to be identifiedExamples of harmful effects:DeathAcute or chronic illnessesDisabilityReduced job performanceReduced healthConcern

اسلاید ۲۰: Types of EffectsAcute, immediateLung, skin or eye damage from corrosive liquidAcute, late onsetSick building syndrome Chronic, intermittent / on-offRepetitive Strain InjuryChronic permanentLung cancer

اسلاید ۲۱: Datasheets, labels, manualsGuidance material, e.g Health Hazard InventoriesOccupational health advisorsJournals and reference literatureNational competent bodies and institutesGovernmental bodiesNGOsIdentification of Effects

اسلاید ۲۲: Identify Health Hazards and their Harmful EffectsHazardSourceRouteHarmful Effect

اسلاید ۲۳: Identify Health Hazards and their harmful EffectsAgentSilica dust (crystalline)Used mineral oilsNoise HeatLegionella bacteriaRepetitive movementsSourceRefractory bricksEngine oilProcess noise above 85dB(A)Plant heatSpray cooling towersWorkplace designRouteInhalationSkinHearing Whole bodyInhalationWhole or part of bodyHarmful EffectLung disease (silicosis)Dermatitis, cancerHearing Loss Heat stress, heat strokeLegionnaire’s DiseaseMusculo-skeletal disorders

اسلاید ۲۴: Cumulative exposureIndividual susceptibilityThreshold levelsKnowledge gapsWorkstyle changesReal world practicesFactors influencing the Relationship between Hazard and Risk

اسلاید ۲۵: Assigning Hazard Ratings

اسلاید ۲۶: Hazard RatingsConsider Harm to:PeopleAssetsReputationSelect the category with the highest consequence rating!

اسلاید ۲۷: Practical Exercise – Assigning Hazard Ratings Assign hazard ratings to the selection of health hazards identified Discuss in open forum

اسلاید ۲۸: Risk Assessment MatrixThe Risk Assessment Matrix (RAM) is the tool which allows assessment of the risk to the business from each identified health hazardIt will assist you in prioritizing potential health risks and determine which risks need documented demonstration of controlsEnsure that health risks are assessed properly by taking into account acute and chronic harmful health effects

اسلاید ۲۹: ConsequenceEstimate of what could happen (acute and chronic)LikelihoodAcute – Estimated on the basis of experience and or evidence that a certain outcome has previously occurredChronic – Estimated based on the historical evidence that excess exposure has occurredHealth Risk = Consequences X Probability (Likelihood)

اسلاید ۳۰: Manage for continuous improvementIncorporate risk reduction measuresIntolerable – investigate alternativesRisk Assessment Matrix

اسلاید ۳۱: Health HazardExamples of situations or activities in which the health hazard may occurHarmful health effects from over exposure (Consequences) Consequence Category (harm to people) – CLikelihood – LRAM Risk Rating (C x L)Chemical HazardsAsbestos Materials containing asbestos, for example, gaskets, ceiling tiles, partitians, insulationAcute: Mildly Irritating to eyes and respiratory tractChronic: Category 1 carcinogen Cat 1 Carcinogen: 4/5 C 5C – HighBenzeneProcessing, handling and distribution of benzene containing process streams and products, e.g. naphthas, platformate, condensate, gasoline.Acute: Irritant to eyes and respiratory tract; narcotic to CNS.Chronic: Category 1 carcinogen Cat 1 Carcinogen: 4/5 B 5B – MediumEthylene oxideShell chemicals marketed product and process materialAcute: cold burns to skin and eyes. Shortness of breath, dizziness and drowsiness on inhalation. May cause pulmonary oedema. Chronic: Category 2 carcinogen and mutagen Cat 2 Carcinogen: 4/5 B 4B – MediumEpoxy ResinsContained in some adhesives (maintenance)Acute: Irritant to skin and eyesChronic: skin sensitiser Sensitiser: 3 C 3C – MediumHydrogen sulphideWaste gas stream; sour crude oil; condensates; bitumen and fuel oil tank head spacesAcute: Chemical asphyxiant causing respiratory paralysis.Chronic: n/a Chemical asphyxiant: 5 C 5C – HighGeneric RAM HRA outcomes

اسلاید ۳۲: Low RAM Ratings Manage for continuous improvementvia standard procedures and competences in HSE-MS (ensure these are adequate)ensure Exposure Limits and other control standards are met

اسلاید ۳۳: Medium and High RAM Ratings Detailed review of controlsStandards of controlWho is exposed and whenEstimate or measure exposureCompare existing controls against standards (are OELs met and risks As Low As Reasonably Practicable – ALARP)Consider need for routine exposure monitoring and/or health surveillance For risks assessed as Highgive serious consideration to alternative ways of carrying out the operation

اسلاید ۳۴: Control and RecoveryIdentify exposureHierarchy of controlsControl standardsUse of control chart for individual riskApply ALARP principleExposure measurementsHealth Surveillance

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