پاورپوینت کامل Medicine in primitive society 67 اسلاید در PowerPoint

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پاورپوینت کامل Medicine in primitive society 67 اسلاید در PowerPoint

اسلاید ۴: History of medicine is divided into general which studies development of medical knowledges in human society on the whole, and special, development of separate industries of medicine — therapy, surgery and other lights up in which Teaching of the special history of medicine is usually carried out the proper departments of types. As development of medicine depends on the level of development of productive forces and character of relations of productions, in basis of exposition of general history of medicine dividing is fixed by epoches and periods, accepted in general history. Though, clearly, here is not and can not be a complete chronologic coincidence.

اسلاید ۵: Stages in the Development of MedicineMedicine of the Primitive SocietyMedicine of the Ancient WorldMedicine of the Middle AgesRenaissance MedicineEarly Modern MedicineMedicine in the 20th Century

اسلاید ۶: Development of Medicine is influenced by:Material conditionsProductive forces developmentPhilosophy and world outlook

اسلاید ۷: Sources for Studying History of Medicine:Life of existing prehistoric (aboriginal) societiesWritten Evidence (manuscripts, printed sources, papyri, ceramics)Archaeology and Examination of ArtefactsMultimedia evidenceEthnographic sources (customs, traditions, songs, etc.)

اسلاید ۸: Elements of systems of medicineMagic and ReligionFolk remediesElementary surgery

اسلاید ۹: Elements of systems of medicineMagic and ReligionIncantationsDancingMagic charmsTalismansVarious other measures

اسلاید ۱۰: Elements of systems of medicineFolk remediesPotionsHerbsRootsBerriesFruits

اسلاید ۱۱: Surgical Procedures practiced in ancient societiesCleaning and treating wounds by cautery (burning or searing tissue), poultices, and sutures.Trepanation.Resetting dislocations and fractures.Using splints to support or immobilize broken bones.Laxatives and enemas to treat constipation and other digestive ills.Narcotic and stimulating plant extracts (digitalis, a heart stimulant extracted from foxglove).

اسلاید ۱۲: Prehistoric ProcedureSetting of Bones, Fractures and Dislocations

اسلاید ۱۳: Prehistoric ProcedureTreating Burns

اسلاید ۱۴: Prehistoric ProcedureDelivering Babies

اسلاید ۱۵: Prehistoric ProcedureTrephining, a remedy for demons, insanity, epilepsy, and headache.

اسلاید ۱۶: Unwritten history is not easy to interpret, and, although muchmay be learned from a study of the drawings, bony remains, and surgical tools of early man, it is difficult to reconstruct his mental attitude toward the problems of disease and death. It seems probable that humans, as soon as they had reached the stage of reasoning, discovered, by the process of trial and error, which plants might be used as foods, which of them werepoisonous, and which of them had some medicinal value. Folk medicine or domestic medicine, consisting largely in the use of vegetable products, or herbs, originated in this fashion and still persists.

اسلاید ۱۷: Archaeologists and anthropologists who study prehistoric man and primitive tribes tell us human societies have always had special individuals, both men and women, who took the job of healer and were responsible for preventing illness and curing the sick and injured. These shaman almost always held multiple roles as healers, magicians, rulers, or priests.

اسلاید ۱۸: Primitive medicine men learned how to splint, but probably not set, bone fractures. They also frequently performed a type of brain surgery that we today call trephination. Trephination was done by using stone instruments to bore or grind holes in the skull. Researchers do not know if the procedure was done to relieve demon spirits, treat skull fractures, or remove bone splinters. It is possible that trephination was done at different