فایل ورد کامل عدم قطعیت ها در سیستم های تعلیق وسایل نقلیه جاده ای

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تعداد صفحات این فایل: ۱۸ صفحه

بخشی از مقاله انگلیسیعنوان انگلیسی:Uncertainties in road vehicle suspensions~~en~~

Abstract

Road vehicles are subject to random excitation by the unevenness of the road. For a dynamical analysis, vehicle models of the vertical vibrations as well as guideway models of the road unevenness are required. The fundamental dynamics of vehicle suspensions can be already modeled by a quarter car featuring the decoupling of the car body motion and the wheel motion. This suspension model is characterized by five design parameters where two of them, the shock absorber and the tire spring, are highly uncertain due to wear and poor maintenance. For the assessment of the vehicles performance three criteria have to be used: ride comfort, driving safety and suspension travel. These criteria depend on all the five design parameters resulting in a conflict or a pareto-optimal problem, respectively. In this paper, the uncertainties of the parameters are projected into a criteria space in order to support the decision to be made on the basis of a pareto-optimal problem. Simulations with uncertainties support the robust suspension design. It is shown that controlled suspension parameters remain uncertain due to the unpredictable decisions made by the driver

۱ Introduction

Road vehicle suspensions generating propulsion and guidance forces are essential for driving safety. These forces are mainly controlled by the driver accelerating, braking and steering the vehicle. Statistics of road fatalities since 2001 in Europe 1 show a strong reduction from 54.900 to 31.500 in 2010 and 26.000 in 2013, see Fig. 1. The main reason for this encouraging development is the introduction of occupant protection systems. In 1998 the federal legislation made airbags mandatory in the United States, and since 2006 the wearing of seatbelts is compulsory in all vehicles throughout the European Union. On the other hand, a survey2 on the cause of accidents with physical injury from 2012 shows that three-fourths of them are due to driver malfunction, while still one-fourth has other reasons, including vehicle malfunction by uncertain design parameters.

In this paper, the vehicle and guideway modeling with uncertain parameters is considered and the assessment criteria for vehicle-guideway-systems are presented and analyzed by the covariance analysis. Multicriteria optimization and uncertainty analysis are performed with the software FAMOUS based on fuzzy arithmetic and introduced to multibody dynamics by Walz and Hanss .

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