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تعداد صفحات این فایل: ۱۰ صفحه

بخشی از مقاله انگلیسیعنوان انگلیسی:Finite Element Analysis and Experimental Study on Seismic Performance of Ferrocement-Composite Shell in a Full-Scale Building~~en~~

Abstract

Design of reinforced-concrete shell is most challenging for structures in seismic zones. Ferrocementmasonry buildings require seismic evaluation. However, a seismic code has not yet developed for ferrocement building. The complexity of structures’ geometry substantially contributes to structural performance when an earthquake occurs [1]; the more complex the geometry is, the more likely building elements are to not move together. Ferrocement composite in low-rise buildings is a cost-effective solution in developing countries because it requires minimal skilled labor. Woven square mesh reinforcement decreases crack propagation and ferrocement enhances homogeneity of the concrete matrices [3]. Additionally, ferrocement is used for rehabilitation of existing reinforced-concrete (RC) structures. Some studies result indicated ferrocement higher in-plain shear and moment capacity compared to fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) [2]. In this research, the behavior of ferrocement masonry building incorporating steel-fiber reinforcement was assessed under dynamic load. Steel fiber and ferrocement increased stress capacity and reduced shrinkage, crack propagation, early fatigue mechanism, and failure under cyclic load. The main objective of this research is to simulate ferrocement shell in a high seismic zone and assess it with finite-element method (FEM). Structural damage zones, failure mechanism under static and seismic loads were designed by Sap 2000 software (Version 11.07). Numerical FEM analysis was based on fabricating steel-square meshes and ferrocement matrices as homogenized and isotropic laminates. The experimental result of this research in a full-scale building indicated 70% reduction in construction costs compared to conventional masonry building.

Introduction

Ferrocement composite materials include cement, fly ash, sand, wire mesh, skeletal steel [4, 20-22, 24]. Steel bar is considered a costly material for reinforcing concrete. Additionally, crack propagation along rebar is a crucial issue [6-7, 9]. However, ferrocement provides less expensive composite, reduces the number of rebars, develop fewer cracks on and within the concrete due to wire mesh and steel fibers [14, 8, 24, 26]. Ferrocement research begun by Lambot and offered a various residential and commercial applications for reinforced concrete in 1850. However, in almost hundred years, ferrocement research had little improvement until Nervi introduced thin-wall by using ferrocement in 1940 [11]. Ferrocement became popular because it was not only a cost-effective solution, but also provides better physical and mechanical properties for thin-wall, boat, and prefabricate-building panel [30-32]. In 1988, American Concrete Inistitute (ACI) Committee 549 report, “State-of-the-Art Report on Fiber Reinforced Concrete”, developed physical and mechanical, performance, applications, and research for ferrocement structures [13]. In 1989, ACI Committee provided a manual for ferrocement rehabilitation of existing constructions [23]. There is no standard developed for ferrocement buildings, but researchers modified ACI code and suggested ferrocement for low-rise building and limited its application to a two-story residential building [17].

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