پاورپوینت کامل FORMULATION MANUFACTURE COMMERCIALISATION OF MEDICINAL PLANTS PRODUCTS 41 اسلاید در PowerPoint

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پاورپوینت کامل FORMULATION MANUFACTURE COMMERCIALISATION OF MEDICINAL PLANTS PRODUCTS 41 اسلاید در PowerPoint

اسلاید ۴: India is currently the largest producer of medicinal plants with 15,000 – ۲۰,۰۰۰ species of medicinal plants documented in Traditional Medicine. Today, the list of plants with known medicinal properties is around 5,800 in Chinese material medica. The demand for such plants is rising in the industrialized world where people are resorting to natural health remedies more and more. According to the WHO, the global market for medicinal herbs and herbal products is estimated to touch US $ 5 trillion by 2050 and is currently worth over US $80 billion. This indicates the tremendous potential and demand in this sector which should be harnessed through improved formulation, manufacturing and commercialization efforts in Nigeria so as to tap from the huge source of foreign exchange for any country. 4

اسلاید ۵: DefinitionsHerbal Medicine: Herbal Medicines are according to WHO finished labeled medicinal products that contain as active ingredients aerial or underground parts of plants or the plant material or combination thereof, whether in the crude state or as plant preparations. Plant materials include juices, gums, fatty oils, essential oils and any other substances of this nature. Herbal medicine may contain excipients in addition to the active ingredients. Medicinal Plants: These are large groups of plants used in medicine or veterinary practice for therapeutic or prophylactic purposed due to the presence in their organs of active substances, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, vitamins, tannins and coumarin compounds which physiologically affect the bodies of humans and animals or which are biologically active in relation to the causative agents of various diseases. 5

اسلاید ۶: Formulation: This is the act or process of developing a preparation with therapeutic value using a combination of one or more medicinal plants parts. The formulator must study the formulation to be manufactured or processed, combination of herbal drugs to be used, clinical and long term usage. 6

اسلاید ۷: Selection of medicinal plants or herbal ingredients:-based on thorough knowledge, long term usage etc.Number of herbal ingredients for efficacy plus safetyDosage: Minimum therapeutic dosage by any pharmacopeia or scientific work.Safety and Efficacy of Formulation.Cost Management.Category of Formulation.Type of product and market needs.Good book on formulation should be consulted.Quality parameters of formulation must be determined before marketing. Regulatory requirement must be determined before marketing of the products.Market Acceptability.Formulation Procedures. Forensic Considerations and legal aspects involved for marketing and sales. Guidelines on Herbal Formulations.7

اسلاید ۸: LeavesStemsSeedsRootsFlowersBerriesAnd bark of herbs.Etc.PLANT PARTS USED IN MED PLANT FORMULATION.8

اسلاید ۹: CapsulesPillsSyrupsJuicescreams and ointmentoilsinfusionssuppositorieslinimentextractstincturesTypes of Dosage Form9

اسلاید ۱۰: Herbs are available in a variety of forms, including fresh, dried, in tablets or capsules, or bottled in liquid form. You can buy them individually or in mixtures formulated for specific conditions. Whatever type of product you choose, the quality of an herbal preparation-be it in capsule, tablet, tea, tincture, bath, compress, poultice, or ointment form-is only as good as the quality of the raw herb from which it was made.To produce top-quality products, herb farmers require a great deal of specialized knowledge. For maximum potency, it is important that different ways of preparing medicinal herbs for use all aim at; Making administration of the plant easier.To increase the concentration of any active component of the plant, putting into consideration its physical-chemical properties.To favor the presentation of the plant or its preparations, depending on the stmon Herbs and Herbal Preparations10

اسلاید ۱۱: Compresses and FomentationsCompresses are used by socking a cloth in a warm or cool herbal solution and applied directly to the affected area e.g. green tea, while fomentations are applied by socking a cloth in very hot water, for respiratory tract infections, throat and trachea inflammations, etcDecoctionCan be made from the bark, root, seed or berry of a plant. A decoction is made by simmering the part in water (do not boil)for 5 to 10 minutes even up to 30 minutes if materials is very hardExtractsAre obtained by pressing herbs with a heavy hydraulic pressure, and soaking them in alcohol or water. The excess alcohol or water is allowed to evaporate, yielding a concentrated extract. They are suitable for people with severe illness or mal-absorption problems. Herbal extracts are generally diluted before use, example includes celery, ginger, garlic, and pumpkin etc. of particular importance is the emersion of herbs into apple cider vinegar or malt vinegar and left to stand for two or more weeks.InfusionsParts of the leaves, flowers or the delicate parts of plants are grinded and cut into pieces for twigs, stem or other larger parts and steeped, not boiled for 5-10 minutes in hot water to allow for active ingredients in the herb to diffuse into water. E.g. herbal tea. such as Artemisa t ea, Morigvite tea. The aromatic volatile ingredients, vitamins and essences are removed by infusion averagely. One and the half-one ounce of herb in a pint of water is usually applied or 1-3 tea spoonful of dried herb in a cup of boiling water. The infusion is allowed to set and carefully strained into a cup of water for drinking as directed.Methods & Types of Formulations.11

اسلاید ۱۲: TincturesVery concentrated extract of a herb in a alcoholic solutions. They are well preserved form of previously fresh herbs. Tinctures are prepared by putting a well-dried, ground plant in alcohol at room temperature for two or three days, or even up to 15 days, such as in the case of arnica.Ointments and creamsThe base used here are mostly Vaseline, oil, lanolin, or animal fats. The ointment is obtained simply by addition of extract, infusion, or pressed juice or powdered herb to the base. A thorough mix of this gives an ointment which can be applied to the affected areas, e.g. henbane and monkshood, used as calming substances for neuralgia, persistence headache. Ointments are solid at room temperatures and soften when rubbed on the skin. Creams are prepared with other fatty substances currently produced by Pharmaceutical companies. Methods of Formulations (Contd)12

اسلاید ۱۳: PoulticesIs the application of powdered or granulated herbs in a hot, soft, moist or mass of herbs, flowers, mustard or other substances spread on muslin or loosely woven cloth and applied for 20-30 minutes on a sore or inflamed area of the body to relieve pain and inflammation. A poultice must not be allowed to become cold, replace with a second one after removing the first one. E.g. of herbs used in uncle gum Arabic, hyssop, chickweed, are excellen